The
Komodo dragon is a species of
lizard that inhabits the islands of
Komodo,
Rinca,
Flores,
Gili Motang, and Gili Dasami, in central
Indonesia. A member of the monitor lizard family (
Varanidae), it is the largest living species of lizard, growing to an average length of 2–3 meters (approximately 6.5–10 ft) and weighing around 70 kilograms (155 lb). Their unusual size is attributed to
island gigantism, since there are no other carnivorous animals to fill the
niche on the islands where they live, and also to the Komodo dragon's low metabolic rate. As a result of their size, these lizards are
apex predators, dominating the
ecosystems in which they live. Although Komodo dragons eat mostly
carrion, they will also hunt and ambush prey including
invertebrates,
birds, and
mammals. Mating begins between May and August, and the eggs are laid in September. About twenty eggs are deposited in abandoned
megapode nests and incubated for seven to eight months, hatching in April, when insects are most plentiful. Young Komodo dragons are vulnerable and therefore dwell in trees, safe from predators and
cannibalistic adults. They take around three to five years to mature, and may live as long as fifty years. In the wild their range has contracted due to human activities and they are listed as
vulnerable by the
IUCN. They are protected under Indonesian law, and a
national park,
Komodo National Park, was founded to aid protection efforts. (
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